K. Anagnostidis and J. Komarek, Modern approach to the classification system of cyanophytes. 3. Oscillatoriales, Arch. Hydrobiol, vol.80, pp.327-472, 1988.

O. Anneville and J. Pelletier, Recovery of Lake Geneva from eutrophication: quantitative response of phytoplankton, Arch. Hydrobiol, vol.148, pp.607-624, 2000.

O. Anneville, V. Ginot, J. Druart, and N. Angeli, Long-term study (1974-1998) of seasonal changes in the phytoplankton in Lake Geneva: a multi-table approach, Journal of Plankton Research, vol.24, issue.10, pp.993-1007, 2002.
DOI : 10.1093/plankt/24.10.993

P. Balland, Le lac du Bourget: exemple de lutte contre l'eutrophisation. CTGREF, pp.323-340, 1976.

E. Berdalet, EFFECTS OF TURBULENCE ON THE MARINE DINOFLAGELLATE GYMNODINIUM NELSONII1, Journal of Phycology, vol.28, issue.3, pp.267-272, 1992.
DOI : 10.1111/j.0022-3646.1992.00267.x

J. Blom, J. A. Robinson, and F. Jüttner, High grazer toxicity of [D-Asp3,(E)-Dhb7]microcystin-RR of Planktothrix rubescens as compared to different microcystins, Toxicon, vol.39, issue.12, pp.1923-1932, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0041-0101(01)00178-7

P. Bournet, Contribution à l'étude hydrodynamique et thermique du lac du Bourget, Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts, 1996.

P. Bournet, D. Dartus, B. Tassin, and B. Vinçon-leite, Numerical Investigation of Plunging Density Current, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, vol.125, issue.6, pp.584-594, 1999.
DOI : 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1999)125:6(584)

P. Bourrelly, Drouet et Daily, Bulletin de la Soci??t?? Botanique de France, vol.96, issue.7-9, pp.231-232, 1949.
DOI : 10.1080/00378941.1949.10837638

P. Bourrelly, Quelques pêches planctoniques dans le lac du Bourget et les lacs voisins, Verh. Int. Verein. Theor. Angew. Limnol, vol.12, pp.253-255, 1955.

J. Briand, S. Jacquet, C. Bernard, and J. Humbert, Health hazards for terrestrial vertebrates from toxic cyanobacteria in surface water ecosystems, Veterinary Research, vol.34, issue.4, pp.1-17, 2003.
DOI : 10.1051/vetres:2003019

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00902752

D. I. Bright and A. E. Walsby, The daily integral of growth by Planktothrix rubescens calculated from growth rate in culture and irradiance in Lake Z??rich, New Phytologist, vol.146, issue.2, pp.301-316, 2000.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00640.x

H. R. Buergi and P. Stadelmann, Change of phytoplankton diversity during long-term restoration of lake Baldegg, Verh. Inter. Verein. Limnol, vol.27, pp.574-581, 2000.

W. W. Carmichael, Human Fatalities from Cyanobacteria: Chemical and Biological Evidence for Cyanotoxins, Environmental Health Perspectives, vol.109, issue.7, pp.663-668, 2001.
DOI : 10.1289/ehp.01109663

I. Chorus, I. R. Falconer, H. J. Salas, and J. Bartram, Health risks caused by freshwater cyanobacteria in recreational waters, J. Tox. Environ. Health, vol.3, pp.323-347, 2001.

P. A. Davis, M. Dent, J. Parker, C. S. Reynolds, and A. E. Walsby, The annual cycle of growth rate and biomass change in, 2003.

M. T. Dokulil and A. Jagsch, The effects of reduced phosphorus and nitrogen loading on phytoplankton in Mondsee, Austria, pp.243-244, 1992.

M. T. Dokulil and K. Teubner, Cyanobacterial dominance in lakes, Hydrobiologia, vol.438, issue.1/3, pp.1-12, 2000.
DOI : 10.1023/A:1004155810302

J. A. Downing, S. B. Watson, and E. Mccauley, Predicting Cyanobacteria dominance in lakes, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, vol.58, issue.10, pp.1905-1908, 2001.
DOI : 10.1139/f01-143

W. T. Edmondson, The Uses of Ecology: Lake Washington and Beyond, 1991.

A. Etemad-shahidi and J. Imberger, Anatomy of turbulence in thermally stratified lakes, Limnology and Oceanography, vol.46, issue.5, pp.1158-1170, 2001.
DOI : 10.4319/lo.2001.46.5.1158

J. Fastner, M. Erhard, W. W. Carmichael, F. Sun, K. L. Rinehart et al., Characterization and diversity of microcystins in natural blooms and strains of the genera Microcystis and Planktothrix from German freshwaters, Arch. Hydrobiol, vol.145, pp.147-163, 1999.

J. Feuillade, The cyanobacterium (blue-green algae) Oscillatoria rubescens D.C, Arch. Hydrobiol. Beih. Eregbn. Limnol, vol.41, pp.77-93, 1994.

M. Feuillade and J. Druart, The long-term effect of the sewage diversion on the phytoplankton composition and biomass, Arch. Hydrobiol. Beih, vol.41, pp.55-76, 1994.

M. Feuillade, J. Feuillade, and P. Blanc, Alkaline phosphatase activity fluctuations and associated factors in a eutrophic lake dominated by Oscillatoria rubescens, Hydrobiologia, vol.16, issue.1, pp.233-240, 1990.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00041461

A. Groleau, G. Sarazin, B. Vinçon-leite, B. Tassin, and C. Quiblier-lloberas, Tracing calcite precipitation with specific conductance in a hard water alpine lake (Lake Bourget), Water Research, vol.34, issue.17, pp.4151-4160, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00191-3

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00711823

G. P. Harris, Phytoplankton Ecology, Structure, Function and Fluctuation, 1986.

B. R. Hodges, J. Imberger, A. Saggio, and K. B. Winters, Modeling basin-scale internal waves in a stratified lake, Limnology and Oceanography, vol.45, issue.7, pp.1603-1620, 2000.
DOI : 10.4319/lo.2000.45.7.1603

E. Hubault, Les grands lacs subalpins de Savoie sont-ils alcalinotrophes ?, Arch. Hydrobiol, vol.40, issue.1, 1943.

E. Hubaut, Etudes thermiques, chimiques et biologiques des eaux des lacs de l'est de la France, Ann. Ecol. Nat. Eaux et Forêts, vol.10, 1947.

J. Humbert, G. Paolini, L. Berre, and B. , Monitoring a toxic cyanobacterial bloom in Lake Bourget (France) and its consequences for water quality, Harmful Algal Bloom, pp.496-499, 2000.

J. W. Hurrel, Decadal Trends in the North Atlantic Oscillation: Regional Temperatures and Precipitation, Science, vol.269, issue.5224, pp.676-679, 1995.
DOI : 10.1126/science.269.5224.676

E. M. Jochimsen, Liver failure and death after exposure to microcystins at a haemodialysis centre in Brazil. New Eng, J. Med, vol.338, pp.873-878, 1998.

I. Kanoshina, U. Lips, and J. Leppänen, The influence of weather conditions (temperature and wind) on cyanobacterial bloom development in the Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea), Harmful Algae, vol.2, issue.1, pp.29-41, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S1568-9883(02)00085-9

J. Kromkamp and A. E. Walsby, A computer model of buoyancy and vertical migration in cyanobacteria, Journal of Plankton Research, vol.12, issue.1, pp.161-183, 1990.
DOI : 10.1093/plankt/12.1.161

R. Kurmayer and F. Juttner, Strategies for the co-existence of zooplankton with the toxic cyanobacterium Planktothrix rubescens in Lake Zurich, Journal of Plankton Research, vol.21, issue.4, pp.659-683, 1999.
DOI : 10.1093/plankt/21.4.659

P. J. Laurent, Modifications biologiques récentes dans quelques lacs subalpins, pp.47-56, 1966.

D. Latour, H. Giraudet, and J. Berthon, Influential parameters on the spatio-temporal distribution of benthic and planktonic cyanobacteria in the hypereutrophic Grangent reservoir (Loire)

C. Leboulanger, U. Dorigo, S. Jacquet, B. Leberre, G. Paolini et al., Application of a submersible spectrofluorometer for rapid monitoring of freshwater cyanobacterial blooms: a case study, Aquatic Microbial Ecology, vol.30, pp.83-89, 2002.
DOI : 10.3354/ame030083

U. Lemmin, Lakes, Chemistry, Geology, Physics, 1978.

M. Leroux, Recherches biologiques dans les grands lacs de Savoie, lac du Bourget et d, 1928.

H. Matsunaga, K. Harada, M. Senna, Y. Ito, N. Yasuda et al., Possible cause of unnatural mass death of wild birds in a pond in Nishinomiya, Japan: Sudden appearance of toxic cyanobacteria, Natural Toxins, vol.26, issue.2, pp.81-84, 1999.
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1522-7189(199903/04)7:2<81::AID-NT44>3.0.CO;2-O

K. Mez, K. A. Beattie, G. A. Codd, K. Hanselman, B. Hauser et al., Identification of a microcystin in benthic cyanobacteria linked to cattle deaths on alpine pastures in Switzerland, European Journal of Phycology, vol.32, issue.2, pp.111-117, 1997.
DOI : 10.1080/09670269710001737029

S. Micheletti, F. Schanz, and A. E. Walsby, The daily integral of photosynthesis by Planktothrix rubescens during summer stratification and autumnal mixing in Lake Zürich, New Phytol, vol.138, pp.233-249, 1998.

L. R. Mur and H. Schreurs, Light as a selective factor in the distribution of phytoplankton species, Water Science and Technology, vol.32, issue.4, pp.25-34, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0273-1223(95)00676-1

S. Nehring, (Cyanophyceae) in a brackish lake at the German North Sea coast, Journal of Plankton Research, vol.15, issue.7, pp.867-872, 1993.
DOI : 10.1093/plankt/15.7.867

R. L. Olivier and G. G. Ganf, Freshwater blooms The Ecology of Cyanobacteria: Their Diversity in Time and Space, pp.149-194, 2000.

M. Omlin, P. Reichert, and R. Forster, Biogeochemical model of Lake Z??rich: model equations and results, Ecological Modelling, vol.141, issue.1-3, pp.77-103, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-3800(01)00256-3

J. Padisak, C. S. Reynolds, and U. Sommer, Intermediate disturbance hypothesis in phytoplankton ecology, Aquat. Bot, vol.51, pp.341-342, 1993.
DOI : 10.1007/978-94-017-1919-3

J. A. Raven, A COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF PHOTON ABSORPTION BY PHOTOSYNTHETIC UNICELLS, New Phytologist, vol.17, issue.4, pp.593-625, 1984.
DOI : 10.1086/334981

C. S. Reynolds, Phytoplankton assemblages and their periodicity in stratifying lake systems, Ecography, vol.12, issue.5, pp.141-159, 1980.
DOI : 10.1088/0950-7671/41/1/311

S. Jacquet, The proliferation of the toxic cyanobacterium Planktothrix rubescens following restoration of the largest natural French lake (Lac du Bourget), Harmful Algae, vol.4, issue.4, pp.651-672, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.hal.2003.12.006

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00711669

C. S. Reynolds, Cyanobacterial Water-Blooms, Advances in Botanical Research, pp.67-143, 1987.
DOI : 10.1016/S0065-2296(08)60341-9

C. S. Reynolds and A. E. Walsby, WATER-BLOOMS, Biological Reviews, vol.37, issue.6, pp.437-481, 1975.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02502315

C. S. Reynolds, R. L. Oliver, and A. E. Walsby, Cyanobacterial dominance: The role of buoyancy regulation in dynamic lake environments, New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, vol.74, issue.3, pp.379-390, 1987.
DOI : 10.1038/277293a0

C. Reynolds, V. Huszar, C. Kruk, L. Naselli-flores, and S. Melo, Towards a functional classification of the freshwater phytoplankton, Journal of Plankton Research, vol.24, issue.5, pp.417-428, 2002.
DOI : 10.1093/plankt/24.5.417

C. Rocha, H. Galvao, and A. Barbosa, Role of transient silicon limitation in the development of cyanobacteria blooms in the Guadiana estuary, south-western Iberia, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.228, pp.35-45, 2002.
DOI : 10.3354/meps228035

H. D. Rodger, T. Turnbull, C. Edwards, and G. A. Codd, Cyanobacterial (blue-green algal) bloom associated pathology in brown trout, Salmo trutta L., in Loch Leven, Scotland, Journal of Fish Diseases, vol.10, issue.2, pp.177-181, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0166-445X(91)90012-X

D. Roelke and Y. Buyukates, The Diversity of Harmful Algal Bloom-Triggering Mechanisms and the Complexity of Bloom Initiation, Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, vol.7, issue.5, pp.1347-1362, 2002.
DOI : 10.1080/20018091095041

N. Salmaso, Seasonal variation in the composition and rate of change of the phytoplankton community in a deep subalpine lake (Lake Garda, Northern Italy). An application of nonmetric multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis, Hydrobiologia, vol.47, issue.1-3, pp.49-68, 1996.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00028506

N. Salmaso, Factors affecting the seasonality and distribution of cyanobacteria and chlorophytes: a case study from the large lakes south of the Alps, with special reference to Lake Garda, Hydrobiologia, vol.438, issue.1/3, pp.43-63, 2000.
DOI : 10.1023/A:1004157828049

H. Sas, Lake Restoration by Reduction of Nutrients Loading: Expectations, Experiences, Extrapolations. Academia Verlag Richarz, 1989.

M. Sheffer, D. Straile, E. H. Van-nes, and H. Hosper, Climatic warming causes regime shifts in lake food webs, Limnology and Oceanography, vol.46, issue.7, pp.1780-1783, 2001.
DOI : 10.4319/lo.2001.46.7.1780

C. C. Sheridan, D. K. Steinberg, and G. W. Kling, The microbial and metazoan community associated with colonies of Trichodesmium spp.: a quantitative survey, Journal of Plankton Research, vol.24, issue.9, pp.913-922, 2002.
DOI : 10.1093/plankt/24.9.913

T. J. Smayda, Harmful algal blooms: Their ecophysiology and general relevance to phytoplankton blooms in the sea, Limnology and Oceanography, vol.42, issue.5part2, pp.1137-1153, 1997.
DOI : 10.4319/lo.1997.42.5_part_2.1137

D. Straile, Meteorological forcing of plankton dynamics in a large and deep continental European lake, Oecologia, vol.122, issue.1, pp.44-50, 2000.
DOI : 10.1007/PL00008834

D. Straile and R. Adrian, The North Atlantic Oscillation and plankton dynamics in two European lakes -- two variations on a general theme, Global Change Biology, vol.170, issue.6, pp.1-8, 2000.
DOI : 10.1006/jmsc.1998.0397

J. D. Strickland and T. R. Parsons, A Practical Handbook of Seawater Analysis, Bull. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, vol.167, p.311, 1972.

C. A. Suttle, Cyanophages and their role in the ecology of cyanobacteria The Ecology of Cyanobacteria: Their Diversity in Time and Space, pp.563-589, 2000.

B. Tassin and B. Vinçon-leite, Forecasting of water quality in lakes: a predictive use of one-dimensional model. Application to lake, pp.373-374, 1998.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00779567

S. A. Thorpe, On the Interactions of Internal Waves Reflecting from Slopes, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.27, issue.9, pp.2072-2078, 1997.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1997)027<2072:OTIOIW>2.0.CO;2

H. Uthermöhl, Zur Vervollkommung der quantitativen phytoplankton-methodik, Mitt. Int. Ver. Limnol, vol.9, p.38, 1958.

H. C. Utkilen, R. L. Oliver, and A. E. Walsby, Buoyancy regulation in a red Oscillatoria unable to collapse gas vacuoles by turgor pressure, Arch. Hydrobiol, vol.102, pp.319-329, 1985.

I. P. Vaughan, P. A. Davis, and A. E. Walsby, Changes in the photosynthetic coefficients ?? and Pm of Planktothrix rubescens grown on light-dark cycles, Aquatic Sciences, vol.63, issue.3, pp.350-362, 2001.
DOI : 10.1007/PL00001359

B. Vinçon-leite, Contribution de la modélisation mathématique à l'étude de la qualité de l'eau dans les lacs sub-alpins: le lac du Bourget, 1991.

B. Vinçon-leite, B. Tassin, and J. Jaquet, Contribution of mathematical modeling to lake ecosystem understanding, pp.300-301, 1995.

B. Vinçon-leite, B. Tassin, and J. Druart, Phytoplankton variability in Lake Bourget: Phytoplankton dynamics and meteorology, Lakes and Reservoirs: Research and Management, vol.2, issue.2, pp.93-102, 2002.
DOI : 10.1023/A:1017088125487

D. Vrhovsek, G. Kosi, M. Kralj, M. Bricelj, and M. Zupan, The effect of lake restoration measures on the physical, chemical and phytoplankton variables of Lake Bled, Hydrobiologia, vol.31, issue.3, pp.219-228, 1985.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00024227

A. E. Walsby and F. Schanz, Light-dependent growth rate determines changes in the population of Planktothrix rubescens over the annual cycle in Lake Z??rich, Switzerland, New Phytologist, vol.31, issue.3, pp.671-687, 2002.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00401.x

A. E. Walsby, A. Avery, and F. Schanz, in relation tothe depth of winter mixing in Lake Z??rich, Switzerland, Journal of Plankton Research, vol.20, issue.7, pp.1357-1375, 1998.
DOI : 10.1093/plankt/20.7.1357

A. E. Walsby, Z. Dubinsky, J. C. Kromkamp, C. Lehmann, and F. Schanz, The effects of diel changes in photosynthetic coefficients and depth of Planktothrix rubescens on the daily integral of photosynthesis in Lake Z??rich, Aquatic Sciences, vol.63, issue.3, pp.326-349, 2001.
DOI : 10.1007/PL00001358

G. A. Weyhenmeyer, T. Blenckner, and K. Petterson, Changes of the plankton spring outburst related to the North Atlantic Oscillation, Limnology and Oceanography, vol.44, issue.7, pp.1788-1792, 1999.
DOI : 10.4319/lo.1999.44.7.1788

T. Zotina, O. Kosher, and F. Jüttner, Photoheterotrophy and light-dependent uptake of organic and organic nitrogenous compounds by Planktothrix rubescens under low irradiance, Freshwater Biology, vol.46, issue.10, pp.1859-1872, 2003.
DOI : 10.1007/s00027-001-8048-3